MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM – REVIEW SESSION

Question 1 The musculoskeletal system primarily functions to:

Regulate hormones

Produce blood cells only

Support body structure and movement

Control digestion

Question 2 Which tissue connects muscle to bone?

Ligament

Cartilage

Tendon

Fascia

Question 3 Which structure connects bone to bone at a joint?

Tendon

Ligament

Muscle fiber

Synovium

Question 4 The basic functional unit of skeletal muscle contraction is the:

Myofibril

Sarcomere

Osteon

Myosin head

Question 5 Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

Skeletal muscle

Visceral muscle

Question 6 Articular cartilage mainly functions to:

Produce synovial fluid

Reduce friction in joints

Strengthen ligaments

Generate force

Question 7 Which mineral is most important for bone hardness?

Potassium

Sodium

Calcium

Iron

Question 8 Which bone cell is responsible for bone formation?

Osteoclast

Osteocyte

Osteoblast

Chondrocyte

Question 9 Which joint type allows the greatest range of motion?

Hinge joint

Pivot joint

Ball-and-socket joint

Saddle joint

Question 10 The medical term for muscle pain is:

Myopathy

Myalgia

Myositis

Myotonia

Question 11 Osteoarthritis is primarily characterized by:

Autoimmune synovial inflammation

Degeneration of articular cartilage

Infection of bone

Loss of muscle mass

Question 12 Rheumatoid arthritis mainly affects which structure?

Bone marrow

Articular cartilage only

Synovial membrane

Tendons

Question 13 Which condition causes stiffness and pain that improves with movement?

Osteoarthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Septic arthritis

Gout

Question 14 Which muscle disorder presents with fluctuating weakness that worsens with activity?

Muscular dystrophy

Polymyositis

Myasthenia gravis

Rhabdomyolysis

Question 15 Gowers’ sign is typically seen in:

Myasthenia gravis

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Polymyositis

Osteoarthritis

Question 16 Which laboratory test is most useful to detect muscle damage?

Troponin

Creatine kinase (CK)

ESR

CRP

Question 17 Muscle weakness without sensory loss suggests a problem of:

Peripheral nerves

Spinal cord

Muscle tissue

Brain cortex

Question 18 Ankylosing spondylitis primarily affects the:

Knee joints

Shoulder joints

Spine and sacroiliac joints

Wrist joints

Question 19 Which feature is typical of inflammatory myopathies?

Distal muscle weakness

Proximal muscle weakness

Sensory loss

Joint deformity first

Question 20 The presence of Heberden’s nodes indicates:

Rheumatoid arthritis

Osteoarthritis

Gout

Septic arthritis

Question 21 Which condition is caused by uric acid crystal deposition?

Rheumatoid arthritis

Pseudogout

Gout

Osteomyelitis

Question 22 Bone pain with fever and elevated inflammatory markers suggests:

Osteoporosis

Osteomyelitis

Osteoarthritis

Paget’s disease

Question 23 Which disorder involves acute muscle breakdown with dark urine?

Myositis

Myasthenia gravis

Rhabdomyolysis

Muscular dystrophy

Question 24 Muscle cramps are most commonly related to:

Autoimmune disease

Electrolyte imbalance

Genetic disorders

Infection

Question 25 Loss of bone density leading to fractures is called

Osteomalacia

Osteoporosis

Osteomyelitis

Osteosarcoma

Question 26 Which vitamin deficiency causes osteomalacia in adults?

Vitamin A

Vitamin B12

Vitamin C

Vitamin D

Question 27 Joint swelling, warmth, and redness with severe pain suggests:

Osteoarthritis

Septic arthritis

Chronic back pain

Tendinitis

Question 28 Muscle hypertrophy occurs mainly due to:

Increase in muscle fiber number

Increase in muscle fiber size

Increase in fat content

Increase in bone density

Question 29 Which structure produces synovial fluid?

Articular cartilage

Joint capsule

Synovial membrane

Ligament

Question 30 In rheumatoid arthritis, joint destruction mainly results from:

Loss of calcium from bone

Mechanical wear of cartilage

Chronic autoimmune inflammation of synovium

Bacterial infection

Question 31 Proximal muscle weakness with elevated CK and no sensory loss suggests:

Peripheral neuropathy

Motor neuron disease

Inflammatory myopathy

Osteoarthritis

Question 32 Dark urine in rhabdomyolysis is caused by:

Hemoglobin

Bilirubin

Myoglobin

Creatinine

Question 33 Rhabdomyolysis may lead to acute kidney injury because:

Calcium deposits in kidneys

Myoglobin damages renal tubules

Infection spreads to kidneys

Autoimmune reactions occur

Question 34 Which finding helps distinguish myopathy from neuropathy?

Muscle weakness

Muscle pain

Sensory loss

Elevated CK

Question 35 Ankylosing spondylitis increases fracture risk because the spine becomes:

Shortened and flexible

Rigid and brittle

Soft and elastic

Inflamed only

Question 36 Inflammatory myopathies are initially treated with:

Antibiotics

Corticosteroids

Anticholinesterase drugs

Surgery

Question 37 Myasthenia gravis primarily affects which anatomical site?

Muscle fiber membrane

Motor neuron cell body

Neuromuscular junction

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 38 Respiratory failure in severe myasthenia gravis occurs due to weakness of:

Cardiac muscle

Smooth muscle

Respiratory skeletal muscles

Joint stabilizers

Question 39 Which feature favors muscular dystrophy over myasthenia gravis?

Fluctuating weakness

Improvement with rest

Progressive muscle wasting

Normal CK levels

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Muscular dystrophy is progressive and degenerative, unlike myasthenia gravis.

Question 40 The main goal in long-term management of musculoskeletal disorders is to:

Completely cure all diseases

Prevent any physical activity

Preserve function and quality of life

Increase muscle tone only

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Many musculoskeletal disorders are chronic; treatment focuses on maintaining mobility, strength, and independence.

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