MATERNAL HEALTH P2 – OBSTETRIC DISORDERS

Question 1 Maternal health primarily focuses on the health of:

Newborn infants only

Women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum

Children under five

Elderly women

Question 2 The medical term “antenatal” refers to:

After delivery

During labor

Before birth

After miscarriage

Question 3 Which condition is defined as high blood pressure during pregnancy?

Hypotension

Gestational hypertension

Hypoglycemia

Placenta previa

Question 4 The term “preeclampsia” includes hypertension with:

Fever and anemia

Proteinuria and edema

Vaginal bleeding

Uterine infection

Question 5 Which trimester is associated with the highest risk of nausea and vomiting?

First trimester

Second trimester

Third trimester

Postpartum period

Question 6 The medical term “postpartum” refers to the period:

Before conception

During pregnancy

Immediately after fertilization

After childbirth

Question 7 Which hormone maintains pregnancy in early gestation?

Estrogen

Progesterone

Oxytocin

Prolactin

Question 8 Which condition involves abnormal implantation of the placenta?

Abruptio placentae

Placenta previa

Eclampsia

Gestational diabetes

Question 9 The term “gravida” refers to:

Number of deliveries

Number of pregnancies

Number of live births

Number of miscarriages

Question 10 Which condition is characterized by excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnancy?

Morning sickness

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Preeclampsia

Chorioamnionitis

Question 11 Gestational diabetes is best described as:

Diabetes before pregnancy

Diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy

Diabetes after delivery

Congenital diabetes

Question 12 Which test is commonly used to screen for gestational diabetes?

HbA1c

Oral glucose tolerance test

Urine ketone test

Insulin level

Question 13 Which maternal complication is associated with gestational diabetes?

Low birth weight

Macrosomia

Placenta previa

Eclampsia

Question 14 Abruptio placentae is defined as:

Placenta covering the cervix

Premature separation of the placenta

Infection of the placenta

Placental overgrowth

Question 15 Which symptom is most characteristic of abruptio placentae?

Painless vaginal bleeding

Severe abdominal pain

Fever

Reduced blood pressure only

Question 16 Placenta previa typically presents with:

Painful bleeding

Painless vaginal bleeding

Fever and discharge

Reduced fetal movement only

Question 17 The term “eclampsia” refers to:

Mild hypertension

Hypertension with proteinuria

Seizures in a woman with preeclampsia

Infection after delivery

Question 18 Which condition increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage?

Uterine atony

Gestational diabetes

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Morning sickness

Question 19 Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as blood loss greater than:

250 mL

300 mL

500 mL

1000 mL

Question 20 Which hormone is primarily responsible for uterine contraction during labor?

Progesterone

Estrogen

Oxytocin

Prolactin

Question 21 The medical term “multigravida” refers to a woman who:

Has delivered multiple babies

Has been pregnant more than once

Has multiple fetuses

Has had multiple miscarriages

Question 22 Which infection involves inflammation of the fetal membranes?

Endometritis

Chorioamnionitis

Cervicitis

Salpingitis

Question 23 Which condition is associated with fever, uterine tenderness, and foul-smelling amniotic fluid?

Placenta previa

Chorioamnionitis

Preeclampsia

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Question 24 Which obstetric term describes delivery before 37 weeks of gestation?

Post-term birth

Full-term birth

Preterm birth

Low birth weight

Question 25 Which factor increases the risk of preeclampsia?

Young maternal age only

Multiple gestation

Low blood pressure

Smoking cessation

Question 26 The term “parity” refers to the number of:

Pregnancies

Live births only

Deliveries beyond viability

Miscarriages

Question 27 Which maternal condition may cause intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)?

Maternal hypertension

Gestational diabetes

Hyperemesis only

Polyhydramnios

Question 28 Which disorder involves retained products of conception after delivery?

Uterine atony

Placenta accreta

Endometritis

Eclampsia

Question 29 The term “oligohydramnios” refers to:

Excess amniotic fluid

Reduced amniotic fluid

Infected amniotic fluid

Bloody amniotic fluid

Question 30 Why does preeclampsia affect multiple organ systems?

It is a localized uterine disorder

It results from abnormal placental perfusion and endothelial dysfunction

It is caused by infection

It affects only the kidneys

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Preeclampsia involves widespread endothelial dysfunction, leading to multi-organ involvement (kidneys, liver, brain).

Question 31 Placenta accreta causes severe postpartum hemorrhage because:

The placenta detaches too early

The placenta fails to separate from the uterine wall

The uterus ruptures

The placenta becomes infected

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Abnormal placental adherence prevents normal separation, leading to massive bleeding.

Question 32 Why is magnesium sulfate used in preeclampsia and eclampsia?

To lower blood pressure directly

To prevent and control seizures

To induce labor

To reduce edema

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Magnesium sulfate stabilizes neuronal membranes and prevents seizures.

Question 33 Why does gestational diabetes increase the risk of fetal macrosomia?

Reduced insulin production

Excess maternal glucose crossing the placenta

Placental insufficiency

Reduced fetal metabolism

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: High maternal glucose leads to increased fetal insulin, promoting excessive growth.

Question 34 Abruptio placentae is particularly dangerous because it:

Is painless

Causes concealed hemorrhage and fetal hypoxia

Occurs only after delivery

Is always self-limiting

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Placental separation reduces oxygen supply and may cause severe maternal bleeding.

Question 35 Why is uterine atony the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage?

The uterus becomes infected

The uterus fails to contract effectively

The placenta is retained

Blood vessels rupture spontaneously

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Lack of uterine contraction prevents compression of uterine blood vessels

Question 36 Which mechanism explains seizures in eclampsia?

Hypoglycemia

Cerebral edema and vasospasm

Infection of the brain

Reduced oxygen delivery only

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Endothelial dysfunction leads to cerebral edema and seizures

Question 37 Why does oligohydramnios increase the risk of fetal complications?

It increases fetal movement

It reduces cushioning and cord protection

It causes maternal infection

It increases placental size

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Low amniotic fluid increases the risk of cord compression and fetal distress.

Question 38 Which condition most strongly indicates the need for immediate delivery in preeclampsia?

Mild edema

Controlled hypertension

Eclampsia (seizures)

Nausea only

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Eclampsia is life-threatening and requires urgent delivery

Question 39 Why are women with previous cesarean sections at higher risk for placenta accreta?

Increased hormone levels

Scarred uterine wall

Reduced uterine size

Increased amniotic fluid

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Placenta may abnormally attach to scar tissue.

Question 40 The main purpose of applying obstetric terminology accurately is to:

Replace clinical judgment

Memorize disease names

Communicate diagnosis, severity, and management clearly

Avoid patient education

Đáp án chi tiết:

Explanation: Precise terminology supports safe, effective maternal care

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